How does a fable primarily differ from a fairy tale?

A fable primarily differs from a fairy tale in that fables are specifically designed to convey ethical meanings and moral lessons. This genre often employs animals with human traits as characters, and through their experiences, these stories impart lessons about right and wrong, virtues, and the consequences of one's actions. The central focus is on teaching morals rather than simply entertaining.

Fairy tales, on the other hand, typically emphasize adventure, fantasy, and the presence of magical or supernatural elements. While they may include morals, they are often more concerned with the narrative's magical aspects and whimsical adventures than a clear ethical lesson.

Both the length of the story and a focus on moral decisions can be characteristics of both genres, but the essential distinguishing feature of fables lies in their direct aim to provide an ethical message.